Louis Vuitton free essay sample

Item †when all is said in done advertisers looks for ‘adequate quality’, ‘faintness of use’ and so forth , and a lot of value can be bothersome in light of the fact that it increment the expense. Be that as it may, ‘LV’ totes spoke to ‘products of particular qualities’ and ‘attention to details’. As a rule the idea of ‘relative quality’ is tested by the ‘absolute quality’ which has constrained clients to LV or nothing disposition. To back their items ‘LV’ has made a move against duplicating thing by ‘Enlightenment Champagne’, contribution of French trademark specialists etc.,make there item defendable. Association with neighborhood craftsman and Limited release items has exhibited that Product Line up and advancement are solid pieces of ‘LV’ plan of action in Japan. Cost †Market Demands â€Å"Low Price†, this is accomplished by diminishing expenses and off-shoring creation to China and somewhere else. Louis Vuitton totes, then again, are evaluated high. Such significant expenses are pointless for simply stowing and conveying things. Basically, the Louis Vuitton distinction is esteem, not priceâ€this being supreme worth, not relative worth. We will compose a custom exposition test on Louis Vuitton or then again any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page A significant number of the standards for Price were developments that came to fruition after Kyojiro Hata became leader of Louis Vuitton Japan and that hence went worldwide. With the Yen getting solid ‘LV’ has discounted the costs between 1 to 4 creases through the span of last 4 †5 years. This is as I would see it is right or solid evaluating which wins trust of the clients. Spot †when all is said in done more conveyance channels the organization have more deals potential is anticipated. Be that as it may, in the event of ‘LV’ †they are selling just from scarcely any stores and began on the web (by means of web) nearness in Japan after the new CEO. The explanation being, it’s simple to control barely any dissemination channels then many. Control is the key in the strategy of ‘LV’. Likewise, as the items are design items, which needs lime light, and the accessibility of prime areas and probability of having different ‘LV’ stores in same region constrained the organization to have restricted appropriation channels. Advancement †Surely, it’s not normal to see ‘LV’ business on TV even at primetime. This isn't on the grounds that ‘LV’ is tight with its publicizing spending plan, however because of the way that there reasoning is to give inside and out subtleties to the clients legitimately. The most widely recognized utilized promoting medium utilized by ‘LV’ is print broad communications like Fashion magazines and so forth. Additionally, considering this reality now we comprehend why clients are arranged before the initiating of a banner boat store J Q2. What are the chances and difficulties for LV in Japan? Ans. SWOT of LV in Japan Strengthsâ · Internationally perceived design Brand Imageâ · High quality items accomplished top notch control standardsâ · Distribution is organization ownedâ · Collaboration with renaund Japanese Artists. Thoughtfulness regarding the dispersion stores area, design, engineering and so forth | Weaknessesâ · Very High Reliance on Japanese marketâ · Brand dilutionâ · Challenges in controlling worldwide business. | Opportunitiesâ · High discretionary cashflow of Japanese customersâ · Solid extent of white collar class.  · Social and Cultural relations with design.  · | Threatsâ · Economic downturn and solid Yen against $ and Euroâ · Competition with other comparable extravagance brands or low range brands.  · Counterfeiting itemsâ · Cyclic nature of the JAP economy. | Q3. How did LV entered the Japanese market initially? What were the other passage techniques it embraced later to reinforce its quality? Ans. To me apparently the section was very much arranged by the Vuitton-Racamier family and the administration. The rich culture and social propensities for ladies to be unmistakably excellent and give me what have you got disposition was enticing enough. The ‘LV’ selected to go into the market with no nearby distributers and opening own circulation units and channels. They traded items from France to Japan. ‘LV’ regarded Japan as proving grounds of its techniques etc.â and fortified the brand personality by faultless gigantism engineering of the stores and festivity of Japanese craftsman in item creator and overall dispatch. Q5. Will LV have any new difficulties emerge because of the worldwide monetary emergency? How can it conquer these difficulties? Ans. I accept that simply like some other industry ‘LV’ has endured a shot from the monetary soften down of most recent couple of years. Centering to Japan, the fortifying Yen is the greatest agony for ‘LV’ as an endowment of emergency. Barely any others are as per the following: 1. Negative Price alterations by rivalry to pick up clients. Low per capita salary as Japan is send out based economy-for the most part to US and now in unrest less fares to US, $ downsizing. No cash to spend on extravagance ðÿ˜‰ 3. Change in attitude. Individuals are reexamining their need of Luxury things. 4. Increment in falsified things 2. Beating the difficulties looked by ‘LV’: 1. Showcasing champagnes to teach individuals about the falsified things 2. Paying Royalty to the Brand Loyal clients by certain Memberships and so forth 3. Dynamic situating with marginally more extensive portfolio to fulfill the need of underneath edge clients.

The Gilded Bronzes of Cartoceto di Pergola Essay

The Gilded Bronzes of Cartoceto di Pergola - Essay Example The late Republican time frame was known to utilize amazing pictures to underline Roman force (The Famous Gilded Bronzes). The way that these breathtaking figures were found in 1946 as for the most part sections in a shallow pit by two ranchers working in their field close to the City of Pergola makes their propagation in such detail very astounding. Be that as it may, in light of the fact that they were in parts, the figures were spared from being softened down for re-utilization of the metals, a typical practice in old occasions. Gian Mario Spacca, leader of the area of the Marches, is cited as saying, This gathering of overlaid bronzes passes on all the excellence and secret of Ancient Rome . . . Their obscure story and coincidental disclosure are an exceptional exhibition of the wonder of these terrains, the Marches, which can uncover brilliant centerpieces, declaration to the ability and significance of a culture perceived everywhere throughout the world (The Famous Gilded Bronzes). It took from 1948 to 1986 to reestablish and recreate these sculptures. The very certainty that these sculptures were obliterated triggers the creative mind. The figures are clearly founded on genuine models. Would it be able to be that the gathering become undesirable sooner or later, and that is the reason the sculptures were disintegrated and covered Could the figures be connected somehow or another to Augustus It has been resolved that they were made in the first century B.C., however when were they covered and for what reason were they crushed Recorded Background The Roman Republic was built up in 509 B.C., however political competitions in the main century B.C. prompted common wars and the possible breakdown of the Republic. The Roman supreme period started in 30-27 B.C. with the principate of Augustus. Between 27 B.C. also, A.D. 14, Rome was changed into a city of marble. Julius Caesar had been killed in 44 B.C. also, his nephew Octavius governed as Emperor Augustus. The Hellenistic or Augustan period presented the exact portrayal old enough from kids to grown-up to mature age. Utilization of bronze made conceivable promptness and naturalistic detail (Hemingway 3). Examination of the plated bronze family gathering of Pergola with the Greek figures of 50 B.C. to 1 B.C. demonstrate numerous similitudes in style. Since it isn't known or even guessed that a particular stone carver made the family gathering, it is very conceivable that a Greek artist was mindful or that the style was replicated. The Romans initially came into contact with the Gr eeks in the third century B.C. in Southern Italy and in Sicily where Greek states had been built up 500 years sooner (Roman Sculpture). The delineations on page 7 offer correlations with one another. The knight (An) in the family gathering (late first century B.C.) is uncovered with one lock of hair towards the brow, firmly set eyes and sharply straight mouth (The Gilded Bronzes: Knight). He is believed to be full grown, somewhere in the range of 40 and 50 years of age. The tunic worn by the knight is one worn by a Roman official of high position. The sculpture of the little youngster (B), thought to be Gaius, received grandson of Emperor Augustus, likewise takes after the knight, however with a milder articulation (Portrait Statue of Young Boy). Another sculpture (C), dated first century B.C./A.D., shows a man conveying two hereditary busts. The one on the privilege could be the knight in the family gro

iOS Update Play Presentations on iPhone iPad - Focus

iOS Update Play Presentations on iPhone iPad - Focus Please note: This article was last updated in 2013. For up-to-date information on our MindMeister iOS apps, please visit mindmeister.com/apps Weve just released another update to our iPhone and iPad apps. A Spanish translation has been added along with some bug fixes, but for us, the stand-out feature is the new ability to play presentations from MindMeister for iPhone and iPad. Take your presentations on the go and wow your audience wherever you may be. Your slides will be delivered exactly as they appear on the web version with all styles, themes, and transitions intact. Furthermore, no internet connection is required when using MindMeister on your iPhone or iPad, as your mind maps are automatically synced to the device. Whats  more, you can easily connect your device to an LCD monitor or projector, using either a cable or through Apple TV, meaning MindMeister can be your number one presentation tool for any occasion e.g. visiting customers, in school, in the library, at work etc. Download MindMeister for iPhone and iPad Get App its free! Get App iOS Update Play Presentations on iPhone iPad - Focus Please note: This article was last updated in 2013. For up-to-date information on our MindMeister iOS apps, please visit mindmeister.com/apps Weve just released another update to our iPhone and iPad apps. A Spanish translation has been added along with some bug fixes, but for us, the stand-out feature is the new ability to play presentations from MindMeister for iPhone and iPad. Take your presentations on the go and wow your audience wherever you may be. Your slides will be delivered exactly as they appear on the web version with all styles, themes, and transitions intact. Furthermore, no internet connection is required when using MindMeister on your iPhone or iPad, as your mind maps are automatically synced to the device. Whats  more, you can easily connect your device to an LCD monitor or projector, using either a cable or through Apple TV, meaning MindMeister can be your number one presentation tool for any occasion e.g. visiting customers, in school, in the library, at work etc. Download MindMeister for iPhone and iPad Get App its free! Get App

Down and Out in Paris and London Study Guide

Down and Out in Paris and London is the first full-length work by English novelist, essayist, and journalist George Orwell. Published in 1933, the novel is a combination of fiction and factual autobiography in which Orwell describes and partially-fictionalizes his experiences of poverty. Through the observations on social injustice articulated in Down and Out, Orwell set the stage for his later major works of political observation and criticism: the allegorical novella Animal Farm and the dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Fast Facts: Down and Out in Paris and London Author:  George OrwellPublisher:  Victor Gollancz (London)Year Published:  1933Genre:  Memoir/AutobiographicalSetting:  The late 1920s in  Paris and LondonType of Work:  NovelOriginal language:  EnglishMajor Themes:  Poverty and societys treatment of the poorMain Characters:  An unnamed narrator, Boris, Paddy Jacques, The Patron, Valenti, Bozo Summary of Plot Down and Out in Paris and London begins as the story’s unnamed narrator, a British man in his early twenties, is living in the Latin Quarter of Paris during 1928. In keeping with the novel’s main theme of poverty, the narrator  finds himself nearly out of funds after being robbed by one of his many eccentric neighbors. After briefly working as an English teacher and a restaurant plongeur (pot-washer), the narrator finds that he must pawn  his clothes and other belongings to avoid starvation. Sensing that the stress of the daily struggle to survive without regular income might be affecting his mental and physical health, the narrator reaches out to an old friend back in his hometown of London. When his friend sends him money to get his clothes out of hock and help him find a job, the narrator decides to leave Paris and move back to London. The year is 1929, and the American  Great Depression is just beginning to hurt economies around the world. Once back in London, the narrator works briefly as a caregiver for an invalid. When his patient leaves England, the narrator is forced to live on the streets or in Salvation Army charity hostels. Due to vagrancy laws of the day, he must remain on the move, spending his days as a beggar in search of free housing, soup kitchens, and handouts. As he wanders London, the narrators  interactions with fellow beggars as well as charitable (and not so charitable) individuals and institutions give him a newfound understanding of the struggles of people living on the margins.  Ã‚   Major Characters The Narrator:  The unnamed narrator is a struggling writer and part-time English tutor in his early twenties. He works at several menial jobs in Paris before accepting the charity of a friend and moving back to his hometown of London, where he looks for work but remains largely unemployed. Through his daily efforts to scrape up food and housing, the narrator comes to appreciate the constant humiliations of poverty. Unlike many of the characters he encounters, the narrator is a well-educated English aristocrat. He ultimately concludes and societal norms prevent the poor from breaking free of the cycle of poverty.   Boris:  The narrators  close friend and roommate in Paris, Boris is a former Russian soldier in his mid-thirties. Once the picture of health and virility, Boris has become obese and partially crippled by arthritis. Despite his disabling pain, Boris is a perpetual optimist who helps the narrator plot schemes to escape their poverty. Boris’ plans eventually succeed in finding work for two of them at Hotel X and later at the Auberge de Jehan Cottard restaurant. After the narrator has returned to Paris, he learns that Boris had achieved his often-expressed lifelong dreams of earning 100 francs a day waiting tables and moving in with a woman â€Å"who never smells of garlic.†Ã‚  Ã‚   Valenti: A kind, good-looking 24-year-old waiter, Valenti worked with the narrator  at Hotel X in Paris. The narrator admired Valenti for being one of his only acquaintances who had succeeded at working his way out of poverty. Valenti knew that only hard work could break the chains of poverty. Ironically, Valenti had learned this lesson when on the verge of starvation, he prayed to what he believed to the picture of a saint for food and money. His prayers, however, had gone unanswered because the picture turned out to be that of a local prostitute. Mario: Another of the narrators  co-workers at Hotel X, Mario has been working as a waiter for 14 years. An outgoing and expressive Italian, Mario is an expert at his job, often singing arias from then opera â€Å"Rigoletto† as he works in order to increase his tips. Unlike most of the other characters the narrator encounters on the streets of Paris, Mario is the epitome of resourcefulness or â€Å"dà ©brouillard.† The Patron: The owner of the Auberge de Jehan Cottard restaurant where the narrator and Boris work, the Patron is a pudgy, well dressed Russian man who uses far too much cologne for the narrators taste. The Patron bores the narrator with stories of golf and how his work as a restaurateur prevents him from playing the game he loves. The narrator, however, sees that the Patron’s real game and main occupation is cheating people. He tricks the narrator and Boris into remodeling his restaurant for free by lying to them about the constantly-impending opening date.  Ã‚   Paddy Jacques: After the narrator  moves back to London, his first stay in a free hostel unites him with Paddy Jacques, an Irishman who knows the ins-and-outs of the city’s charitable facilities. Though he feels shame about it, Paddy Jacques has become an expert at begging and is eager to share whatever food and money he gets. Given Paddy Jacques’ determination to avoid education, the narrator views him as a prototypical laborer whose inability to find steady work has doomed him to poverty. Bozo: Crippled while working as a house painter, Paddy Jacques’s best friend Bozo now survives by drawing art on the streets and sidewalks of London in return for handouts. Despite being broken both financially and physically, Bozo never surrenders to self-pity. As a dedicated atheist, Bozo refuses all forms of religious charity and never hesitates to express his views on art, astrology, and politics. The narrator  admires Bozo’s refusal to allow poverty to change his uniquely independent personality. Main Themes The Inescapability of Poverty:  Most  of the people the narrator encounters truly want to escape poverty and work hard trying to do so, but constantly fail due to events and circumstances beyond their control. The novel argues that the poor are victims of circumstance and society. Appreciation for the ‘Work’ of Poverty: While observing the daily lives of London street dwellers, the narrator concludes that  beggars and working men toil in much the same way, and that beggars work in worse circumstances and often with their very survival at stake. The fact that their performances or goods have no value should make no difference because, as the narrator suggests, neither does the work of many regular businessmen, who [are distinguished by] their incomes and nothing else, and the average millionaire is only the average dishwasher dressed in a new suit.† The ‘Freedom’ of Poverty: Despite the many evils of poverty, the narrator concludes that poverty does afford its victims a certain degree of freedom. Specifically, the book contends that the poor are free from worrying about respectability. This conclusion is drawn from the narrators many encounters with eccentric individuals on the streets of Paris and London. The narrator writes, Poverty frees them from ordinary standards of behavior, just as money frees people from work.† Literary Style Down and Out in Paris and London is an autobiographical memoir combining factual events with literary embellishment and social commentary. While the genre of book is mainly non-fiction, Orwell applies the fiction writer’s techniques of exaggerating events and rearranging their chronological order in an effort to make the narrative more compelling. In the introduction to the French version published in 1935, Orwell wrote, â€Å"I think I can say that I have exaggerated nothing except in so far as all writers exaggerate by selecting. I did not feel that I had to describe events in the exact order in which they happened, but everything I have described did take place at one time or another.† As a depiction of what it was like to be poverty-stricken in France and England before the implementation of post-World War I welfare programs, the book is widely considered as a classic example of the semi-historical documentary with a clearly-identifiable point of view. Historical Context Orwell was part of the  Lost Generation, a group of young expatriate writers attracted to Paris during the 1920s by the city’s Bohemian atmosphere of personal freedom and artistic creativity. Examples of their best-known novels include  The Sun Also Rises  by  Ernest Hemingway  and  The Great Gatsby  by  F. Scott Fitzgerald. The events in Down and Out in  Paris and London take place shortly after the end of the â€Å"Roaring Twenties† following World War I. Famously depicted in literature by the Lost Generation writers, this euphoric period of financial prosperity and excessive self-indulgence soon gave way to dismal poverty as the effects of America’s Great Depression spread to Europe. By the time he started to write the novel in 1927, 20% of the population of the United Kingdom was unemployed. Key Quotes Though they were written more than 85 years ago, many of Orwells insights about poverty and social injustice still ring true today. â€Å"The evil of poverty is not so much that it makes a man suffer as that it rots him physically and spiritually.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"It is curious how people take it for granted that they have a right to preach at you and pray over you as soon as your income falls below a certain level.†It is worth saying something about the social position of beggars, for when one has consorted with them, and found that they are ordinary human beings, one cannot help being struck by the curious attitude that society takes towards them.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"For, when you are approaching poverty, you make one discovery which outweighs some of the others. You discover boredom and mean complications and the beginnings of hunger, but you also discover the great redeeming feature of poverty: the fact that it annihilates the future. Within certain limits, it is actually true that the less money you have, the less you worry.†

Malcolm X - 2078 Words

Year 12 Modern History Individual History Essay To what extent did Malcolm X play a positive role in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and the 1960s in America? Word Count: 1923 words To a limited extent Malcolm X played a positive role in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s in America. Malcolm X was an African-American Muslim minister, leader and human rights activist. During the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s Malcolm X became one of the most prominent advocates for the rights of African Americans. As a proponent of self-defense, he was able to strengthen the notion of equality and inspire African Americans to vigorously resist racism. Furthermore, his advocacy of Black Nationalism successfully†¦show more content†¦Malcolm Xs legacy both inspired and was responsible for the creation of organisations and movements that positively affected the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s in the United States. However, through both his advocacy and promotion of hatred for the white population and violent protest to rally support from Black Americans, Malcolm X reinforced the great racial division between blacks and whites. Influenced by the teachings of the Nation of Islam, Malcolm used inflammatory rhetoric calling whites devils, suggesting that they were inferior to blacks. He developed a negative stereotype of white people exclaiming, the white mans primary interest is not to elevate the thinking of black people, or to waken black people, or white people either. The white man is interested in the black man only to the extent that the black man is of use to him. Such blatant racism validated the discrimination and oppression of African Americans by the white population of America. More importantly his public speech The Ballot or the Bullet is a clear example of how Malcolm was a proponent of aggressive and violent behavior. He began by telling his supporters to arm themselves by outlinin g, Article number two of the Constitutional amendments provides you and me the right to own a rifle or a shotgun. It is constitutionally legal to own aShow MoreRelatedMalcolm X2364 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿ Introduction Malcolm X is seen as quite a controversial person. His admirers see him as a courageous human rights activist who campaigned for the rights of African Americans and showed white America how racist it was. His enemies see him as a racist, anti-Semitic and violent person. Malcolm X was orphaned early in life. At the age of six his father was killed and it has been rumoured that white racists were responsible. Seven years later his mother passed away after which he lived in a seriesRead MoreMalcolm Of The Malcolm X Journey2039 Words   |  9 PagesThe Malcolm X Journey Malcolm Little was born in the mid twentieth century, these were difficult times for the black youth. As Little grew older he knew there needed to be change, he was one of the few people that was capable of making that happen for the fellow African-American and African. At a very young age Malcolm grasped the concept that there s something not right, that there needed to be an alteration and thus is where he started his studies. Malcolm needed to be outspoken he wanted toRead MoreEssay on Malcolm X962 Words   |  4 PagesMalcolm X On May 19, 1925 Malcolm Little was born to Louise and Earl Little. He was born in Omaha, Nebraska. Malcolm was the seventh of eleven children. Malcolms father, Earl, was a Baptist minister from Reynolds, Georgia. His mother was raised in Grenada in the British West Indies. His father was also became an organizer for Marcus Garveys Universal Negro Improvement Association. Marcus Garvey and his followers fought for racial separation and more power for blacks. Growing up, MalcolmsRead MoreEssay on Malcolm X1346 Words   |  6 Pagesamong all of these leaders though, Malcolm X. Although fighting for the same thing as his colleagues in the civil rights movements, he was considered by many to represent the more extreme side of the battle for equality in the United States. It is his standout views and beliefs that make Malcolm X one of the most prominent and fascinating African-American leaders in the 1950s and 60s. Malcolm X was born May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska by the name of Malcolm Little. His childhood was plaguedRead More Malcolm X Essay1409 Words   |  6 PagesMalcolm X Malcolm X, a civil rights leader in the 1960s believed that blacks and whites should be segregated. He also believed that white man was evil and were trying to brainwash all blacks and that Martin Luther Kings non-violent protests werent working and that violence was needed for change. Malcolm Xs life was a life with a lot of conflict and violence in it. Malcolm X was born under the name of Malcolm Little in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925. His father was a baptist minister and anRead MoreThe Education Of Malcolm X Essay984 Words   |  4 Pageswrite to express your feelings and communicate with others. Frederick Douglass and Malcom X both succeeded in learning how to read and write, but in different ways. The education of Malcolm X was learned more formally. Frederick Douglass learned from his surroundings and the people around him. Malcom and Frederick battled in reading and writing, but learned in similar and different ways. During the 1960s, Malcolm X was one of many articulate and powerful leaders of black America. Before he was a streetRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X1701 Words   |  7 Pagesautobiography of Malcolm X. Malcolm X was one of the most controversial Men in American history. I’m familar with the name Malcolm X however, I’m not familliar with the works and background of Malcolm X. This is why I choose to read the autobiography of Malcolm X written by himself and Alex Haley. Which gives the read an insight on his background, beliefs, and the American society then. I believe that many people including myself have misunderstood Malcolm X. I believe that Malcolm X is misunderstoodRead MoreThe Autobiography Of Malcolm X791 Words   |  4 Pageslife. Malcolm X told his life story of how he overcame in his autobiography simply called The Autobiography of Malcolm X as told to Alex Haley. His life changed the world historically, socially, and especially politically by taking a stand against racism of all kinds which still exists in today’s â€Å"modern† standards. Using his personal life experience with racism towards African-Americans, Malcolm spreads the word on equality for all with a realistic tone that inspires trust in him. Malcolm X reachesRead MoreWho is Malcolm X?1087 Words   |  5 PagesMalcolm X Malcolm X was born Malcolm Little May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was the son of Louise Norton and Earl Little. He lived with 7 brothers and sisters. Malcolm’s father was an outspoken Baptist minister and on various occasions received death threats forcing his family to relocate twice before Malcolm’s fourth birthday. Malcolm’s father Earl Little, was a man of the Baptist preaching community who was a supporter of large civil right movements. Earl had many encounters withRead MoreEssay on Malcolm X1699 Words   |  7 Pages The Autobiography of Malcolm X by Alex Haley was published in 1965. It is national best seller about the life and times of Malcolm X. On May 19, 1925 Malcolm Little was born in Omaha, Nebraska. His father was a preacher who spoke out about the unity of black people. This caused several white racists to strike out against Malcolm’s father and his family violently. His family moved to Lansing, Michigan where Malcolm, his parents, brothers, and sisters were shot at, burned out of their home, harassed

New Journalism Free Essays

Is New Journalism a literary genre? Analyse with reference to the literary techniques used in two examples of New Journalism. Word Count – 2231 I suppose the most common sense point at which to start is by defining New Journalism, or Literary Journalism, as Eisenhuth and McDonald (2007, p. 38) say it is called at the â€Å"upper end of the spectrum. We will write a custom essay sample on New Journalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now † The Collins Concise Dictionary (1999, p. 995) defines New Journalism as â€Å"a style of journalism, using techniques borrowed from fiction to portray a situation of event as vividly as possible. † Wikipedia (2010) defines it as â€Å"a style of 1960s and 1970s news writing and journalism that used literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time. † The meaning of New Journalism has evolved over the the past one hundred years or so and has supposedly been coined by many a person, including the so-called founding father of New Journalism, Matthew Arnold (Roggenkamp, 2005, p. xii) The term, with relevance to the above definitions, was codified with its current meaning by Tom Wolfe in his 1973 collection of New Journalism articles,  The New Journalism,  which included works by – most notably – himself, Truman Capote, Hunter S. Thompson, Norman Mailer, and Joan Didion. With reference to the aforementioned New Journalists, Tom Wolfe, in a 1972  New York Magazine  article, said, â€Å"I know they never dreamed that anything they were going to write for newspapers or magazines would wreak such evil havoc in the literary world; causing panic, dethroning the novel as the number one literary genre, starting the first new direction in American literature in half a century. Nevertheless, that is what has happened. † He went on to say that, â€Å"Bellow, Barth, Updike – even the best of the lot, Philip Roth – the novelists are all out there ransacking the literary histories and sweating it out, wondering where they now stand. ‘Damn it all, Saul, the  Huns  have arrived. ‘† So, this uproar is what begs several questions that these writers felt the need to be answered. Is New Journalism a literary genre, simply because it utilises the tools of fiction to give it colour? Is it a journalistic genre? Is it a genre all by itself? Imagine journalism and literature both being a circle side by side; they stand alone. They are pushed together when attempting to work out the place of New Journalism in the world of writing; how far do they overlap? And if, when they meet, there is an even overlap, surely that creates a distinct genre? Some argue that, as well as not being a literary genre, New Journalism is not a stand-alone genre at all. Murphy (1974, p. 15) says that, in his eyes, the main charge levelled against New Journalism is â€Å"criticism against it as a distinct genre. † Truman Capote seems to disagree with this and says, â€Å"It seems to me that most contemporary novelists are too subjective. I wanted to exchange it, creatively speaking, for the everyday objective world we all inhabit. Reporting can be made as interesting as fiction, and done as artistically. † (Plimpton, 1967, p. 14) This suggests that Capote believes that New Journalism falls on neither side of the fence. Instead, New Journalism is all about taking journalism with one hand, taking literature with the other, and pulling them both together. He wanted to make literature more objective, as journalism is, and he wanted to make journalism more creative, as literature is. Conley (1998, p. ) notes that, â€Å"Journalism and fiction are not usually mentioned in the same sentence unless in an unflattering sense, yet they have much in common. † Again, we are directed towards the two forms as separate, but partially overlapped. Weiss (2004, p. 177) says that, â€Å"The tugs and pulls of fact versus fiction and memory versus imagination are evident within the genre of journalism. † She goes on to say that, â€Å"Journalism splintered from early reporting and took on many of the attributes of literature. There are many attributes of literary journalism which overlap with fiction. Again, this theme of convergence is present in her thoughts. Weiss (2004, p. 179) asks a good question: â€Å"Has the blurring of lines from non-fiction to fiction become excessive and confusing? † Roorbach (2001, p. 7) goes some way in answering this and states that â€Å"an over-insistence on verifiable accuracy has about the same deadening effect on art as an over-insistence on conformity in style and subject. † So it follows that the best course of action when considering the place of New Journalism is to nod towards the pieces of work that take responsibility for both fact and fiction. Somerset Maugham (1938, p. 19) agreed that fiction and journalism are intrinsically linked and says, of news, that â€Å"it is raw material straight from the knacker’s yard and we are stupid if we turn our noses up at it because it smells of blood and sweat. † These are the words of a literary great who feels that writers must take journalism into account in their work. Believing there was whole new genre, Capote called his book,  In Cold Blood,  a non-fiction novel, which is a book that employs the conventions of fiction to tell a true story. The work is about the mass murder of a Kansas farming family. Although the book was the peak of Capote’s career as a writer, and was hailed as an international success, it – along with New Journalism as a whole – was heavily criticised, due to facts being changed, scenes being added and dialogue being made-up. This criticism can be seen as a positive thing though, in terms of defining New Journalism. By stating that aspects of his style of writing makes it neither journalism, nor literature, the criticism creates a new genre for Capote’s work to sit, comfortably, in. Interestingly, Capote, along with Mailer and many other authors, never agreed to their style’s comparisons to Wolfe’s school of narration. Much to the contrary, many of these writers would deny that their work was generically relevant to other new Journalists at the time. In a 1966  Atlantic  article, Dan Wakefield said that the non-fiction work of Capote elevated reporting to the level of literature. Although praising the work of Capote, this goes some way in saying that literature is better than journalism. This is evidence for what Capote said his critics felt:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Combining literature and journalism is little more than a literary solution for fatigued novelists. † (Plimpton, 1967, p. 16) Newfield (1967, p. 0) said that, â€Å"This new genre defines itself by claiming many of the techniques that were once the unchallenged terrain of the novelist: tension, symbol, cadence, irony, prosody, imagination. † Gay Talese’s 1966 article for  Esquire  magazine,  Frank Sinatra Has a Cold,  was a very influential piece of New Journalism that gave a very detailed portrait of Frank Sinatra, wi thout ever having interviewed him. Talese undertook huge amounts of research, as did many of the New journalists, including Capote with  In Cold Blood. Unlike Capote, Talese did not invent facts of characters. His article is, therefore, an example of New Journalism that falls under the category of a journalistic genre, as opposed to a distinct genre. In agreement with the methods of Talese and critical of those of Capote, writer Barry Seigel, who heads up a literature and journalism course at the University of California, says that he teaches of â€Å"nonfiction prose that transcends the limits of daily journalism. † He nonetheless â€Å"rejects absolutely the notion of imagining or otherwise fabricating quotes, inventing characters or blurring different sources into composites. (Eisenhuth and McDonald, 2007, p. 41) If the aim of most New Journalism is to write so  vividly and report in such intense bursts that a scene leaps from the page, Talese goes in the other direction. He slowly drills down through the mundane subterranean reality of human existence to its â€Å"fictional† core. He said he wanted â€Å"to evoke the fictional current that flows between the reality. à ¢â‚¬  Neither of these examples, nor any of the quotes gleaned from research, point towards New Journalism falling under the category of a literary genre. Obviously there will be those that do not wish to have it associated with the word literature; they see it as a bastard child. Hartsock (2000, p. 7) states that New Journalism â€Å"reflects a rough, but not definite split between journalism and literature. † He notes that some commentators, such as Lounsberry, who is affiliated with English studies, prefer to view it as a literary genre. Others, such as Connery, who is affiliated with journalism, prefer to view it as a journalistic genre. He adds that, â€Å"there long has been a bias against journalism by English studies. Eisenhuth and McDonald (2007, p. 49) say that some journalists tend to see the term as ‘bunging it on a bit,’ but the fact is that the notion of New Journalism is gaining acceptance, even in university English departments, which have traditionally disdained the reporting milieu that has nurtured so many novelists – the likes of Ernest Hemingway and Graham Green; and in more recent times , journalists turned non-fiction writers and novelists like Robert Drewe. † Drewe was the focus of Conley’s 1998 article,  Birth of a Novelist, Death of a Journalist. Drewe is Australia’s most prominent author turned journalist. His first book, The Savage Crows, was well received,  although at the time with some surprise, â€Å"like here is a dog that can ride a bicycle and play a trumpet at the same time, which was sort of flattering and slightly offensive† He said his transition to fiction entailed a grudging acceptance because of Australia’s tradition that novelists either came from the School of Hard Knocks – â€Å"the realist, outback, dingo-trapping background† – or from English Departments. (Conley, 1998, p. 0) There is still, to this day, an enormous amount of debate surrounding New Journalism and its place in the world of writing. There is, and always will be, a furore amongst steadfast writers that refuse to accept it into the literary world. Connery acknowledges â€Å"the difficulty of the form’s identity,† and that our understanding of New Journalism as a genre â€Å"is still v ery much emerging. † (Hartsock, 2000, p. 3) The mere fact that Connery seeks to find a justification at all highlights the critical discomfort with the form’s identity. Weber argues that this discomfort comes because â€Å"this category of serious writing is not well defined, and the many different terms used to describe it do not help. † (Hartsock, 2000, p. 6) Here, he is obviously referring to the terms Literary Journalism, New Journalism, and Literary Non-fiction; which vary in use, depending on the commentator. It seems that an answer will never be reached as to whether or not New Journalism is a stand-alone genre. Without taking the sceptics and critics too much to heart, New Journalism seems to be nestled, just fine, in its own world. Lounsberry (1990, p. 5) sums things up in a nutshell, despite her affiliation towards New Journalism as a literary genre. She states that, â€Å"it does not really matter what name we give to this type of discourse; it is possible to study it without actually placing it under any specific category. † References Books Collins Concise Dictionary, 1999. New Journalism. Glasgow: Harper Collins Publisher s. Eisenhuth, S, MacDonald, W. , 2007. The Writer’s Reader – Understanding Journalism and Nonfiction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hartsock, J. C. , 2000. A history of American Literary Journalism. The Emergence of a Modern Narrative Form. Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Press. Lounsberry, B. , 1990. The Art of Fact – Contemporary Artists of Nonfiction. Lincoln: Greenwood Press. Maugham, S. , 1938. The Summing Up. London: Heinemann. Roggenkamp, K. , 2005. Narrating the News: New Journalism and Literary Genre in Late Nineteenth Century Newspapers and Fiction. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press. Roorbach, B. ,2001. The Art of Truth: Contemporary Creative Nonfiction. New York: Oxford University Press. Articles Conley, D. , 1998. Birth of a Novelist, Death of a Journalist. Australian Studies in Journalism 7,  46-73, p1. Murphy, J. E. , 1974. The New Journalism: A Critical Perspective. Journalism Monographs,  34, p15. Newfield, J. , 1967. Hooked and Dead. New York Times Book Review,  May 7, p. 20. Wakefield, D. , 1966. The personal Voice and the Impersonal Eye. The Atlantic,  pp. 86-89 Weiss, C. , 2004. Reviving the Elephant; Bringing Literary Journalism Back into the Classroom. Schenley High School,  p173. Websites Plimpton, G. , 1967. Truman Capote: In Which Various Friends, Enemies, Acquaintances, and Detractors Recall His Turbulent Career. Online] Available at: ;http://www. thefreelibrary. com/Truman+Capote%3A+In+Which+Various+Friends,+Enemies,+Acquaintances,+and†¦ -a020210227; [Accessed 27 November 2010) Wikipedia, 2010. New Journalism. [Online] Available at: ;http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/New_Journalism; [Accessed 27 November 2010]. Wolfe, T. , 1972. Participant Reveals Main Factors Leading to Demise of the Novel, Rise of New Style Covering Events. New York Magazine. [Online] Available at: ;http://nymag. com/news/media/47353/; [Accessed 27 November 2010]. How to cite New Journalism, Papers

Norms of Apple Essay Example

Norms of Apple Essay Diversity and Cultural Norms of Apple October 7, 2010 Diversity and Cultural of Apple As our society continues to evolve, technology has created an outbreak of shortcuts for humans to make use of each day. As our ancestors has left us with such creations as electricity, the telephone, transportation and much more, geniuses of today’s world has taken society to another level. The technology that we use today allows us to do so much although we are physically doing nothing. Gadgets such as computers, cell phones, iPods, and navigation systems are just a few nhancements civilization has adapted too, and Apple Computers is one of the companies that have been a success in creating this enormous outbreak of technology. Apple Computers was established on April 1, 1976 in Cupertino, California by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne and incorporated on January 3, 1977. Apple is credited with the creations of a lot of the technology enhanced gadgets which we use on a daily basis in the work place and in our personal lives. Apple is accredited with such products as Apple Computers, computer software, ipad, the iphone and many forms of electronic products. Because technology is an enhancement to all cultures, race, creed and gender, Apple products are offered in not only in the United States but in Africa, Middle East, India, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, The Caribbean and Canada. As Apple’s products are being marketed to almost all nations, their trademark never changed. Apple simply figured out how and what it takes to satisfy their target market. Some people may have never realized on their cell phones and computers that they have an option to change the language and the time zone. These are added features set in each system to accommodate the many cultures in which Apple serves. As a convenience to all of Apple’s customers, no matter what country they may reside in, Apple has many retailers available to purchase Apple products and a 24 hour technical support. Apple products can be purchased at major retailers like Sears, Wal-Mart and Price Club. Also products can be ordered via internet or by phone. Apple’s Technical support staff is knowledgeable in all areas about Apple’s products and has been labeled as geniuses. We will write a custom essay sample on Norms of Apple specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Norms of Apple specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Norms of Apple specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From the Genius Bar Apple’s Technical support is known for the â€Å"use their impressive knowledge to answer technical questions, troubleshoot problems, and perform repairs right in your neighborhood store. † (2010) The Genius Bar is also a common place to receive free advice, insight, and friendly hands-on technical support. As Apple continues to break technology barriers the company has recognized areas in which they can improve. Understanding the challenges amp; maximizing the benefits of diversity, Apple must set forth an action plan. The first course of action involves creating, facilitating, and implementing strategies for embracing, promoting, and celebrating diversity. In order to achieve desired results, Apple will focus inward on the internal organizational culture. Simple actions such as recognizing foreign holidays will give employees a better awareness of the importance and influence that other cultures have on society. For instance, during the American Christmas holiday season, the internal organization at Apple can also incorporate the celebrating of Kwanzaa and Hanukah. Email blasts to employees with daily facts about each holiday will ensure that Apple is providing the necessary tools to educate employees on diversity. Opposed to only having an annual Christmas party, a celebration of Kwanzaa and Hanukah will also showcase that the organization is aware and accepting of other diverse cultures. Another action plan in creating, facilitating, and implementing strategies to maximize the benefits of diversity is to hold diversity workshops. Within these workshops, employees will learn about cultural differences between America and the rest of the world. The intended purpose of these orkshops is to demonstrate that by having a worldly view and awareness of the differences in global societies; one will only better themselves as a prepared professional in an organization that seeks to globalize its business. This will be attained through a series of videos, testimonials, and case studies about other organizations that have benefited from embracing, promoti ng, and celebrating diversity. Also included within these workshops will be lessons on cultural etiquette. Some people may not be attentive to cultural differences, such as how to properly greet people, which distinguish the American standards from others. This particular aspect of the workshops will be emphasized because of the importance of international business. It would be terrible for Apple’s reputation to be known as rude or arrogant for not conceding to foreign cultural etiquette when conducting international business. Another course of action to maximize the benefits of diversity within Apple is to form project management groups made up of a diverse selection of employees. These groups of employees will be diverse in sex, age, ethnicity, and cultural background. By having a wide range of people from various demographics working together, Apple will have a solid foundational structure in a diverse workforce. After having completed the diversity workshops, employees will then take their newly attained cultural knowledge into the field. Working with diverse project management groups at this point in time will be easier to manage if had the workshops not been implemented. More specifically, as the project management groups will be formed of leaders and excelling employees of the organization, Apple will internally strengthen its embracement of diversity. These project managers possess the leadership skills that other employees, those who are not managers or those who are performing and/or in the phase of improving, look up to for inspiration. New ideas and strategies from these project groups could result to the following: precise marketing plans for products targeted for specific demographics, creating new alliances with other foreign organizations, and charitable events to raise funds for developing countries. The opportunities to maximize off diversity will also separate Apple from other companies that do not excel in this area. This will place the company in the forefront of worldwide organizations that embrace, promote, and celebrate cultural differences; that of which will create a substantial competitive advantage over other companies. September 2010 and the Apple have mass produced the products that are available to us such as iPad, and iPhone4. iPad will be available to a lot more countries later this year and Apple will announce availability and local pricing for these additional countries at a later date, but this month it going to be available to China. To introduce Apple’s products to developing countries to help enhance their use of technology has started in September. September 13th, Apple announced that the Wi-Fi models of its magical iPadâ„ ¢ will be available to China’s consumers on September 17th. It will be at the Apple Retail Store, and some Apple Authorized Resellers. iPad will provide the users with the capability to browse the web, read and send e-mails, share the photos, music, play games, read eBooks, watch HD videos and a lot more. In China, the iPad Wi-Fi models will be available for a suggested retail price of CNY3988 for 16GB, CNY4788 for 32GB and CNY5588 for 64GB. Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork, and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTunes online store. Apple is reinventing the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and has recently introduced its magical iPad which is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices. September 19th, Apple ® announced that iPhone ® 4 will be available to customers in China beginning Saturday, September 25th at Apple Retail Stores including the new Apple Store ® Hong Kong Plaza in Shanghai and the new Apple Store Xidan Joy City in Beijing opening on the same day. iPhone 4 will also be available on Saturday at China Unicom retail stores. iPhone 4 comes with iOS 4, the newest version of the world’s most advanced mobile operating system, which includes over 100 new features. The revolutionary App Store? provides access to more than 250,000 apps including the new iMovie ® app built just for iPhone 4. Phone 4 will be sold in China through Apple’s retail stores for a suggested retail price of CNY4,999 for the 16GB model and CNY5,999 for 32GB model without a contract. Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife, iWork, and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and iTune s online store. Apple is reinventing the mobile phone with its revolutionary iPhone and App Store, and has recently introduced its magical iPad which is defining the future of mobile media and computing devices. To introduce any product into the country that is not necessary are able to provide the funding to upgrade or bring in any form of technology becomes very tricky for the companies. One has to do a very extensive research if the prices of the products are able to be afforded by the consumers. One of the things that maybe done are the product to be assembled in the country in question. That will not only have the product assessable to the people, as well it creates jobs. As within any organizational structure, it is important that there exist rules to resolve conflict. Proper conflict resolution skills will be the key to sustaining a diverse business culture. With diversity amongst the workforce, there will be many occasions where employees may not agree on ideas or the method of approach each takes to complete assignments or collaborate. Thus, along with the diversity workshops, there will be a training seminar on how to go about conflict resolution. This training seminar will highlight the appropriate course of action to take, who to notify for assistance, and how to move forward without the issue being a prolonged distraction. Again, in order for Apple to sustain a cohesive and fully-functional diverse workforce, conflict resolution skills and action plans are a main priority. Today, success is more than creating new products. It is about reinventing business processes and building entirely new markets that meet untapped customer needs. Most important, as the Internet and globalization broaden the pool of new ideas, its about selecting and executing the right ideas and bringing them to market in record that will justify the approach of the action plan. According to our survey takers, the number one obstacle is slow development times. Fast-changing consumer demands, global outsourcing, and open-source software make speed to market paramount today. Yet companies often cant organize themselves to move faster, says George Stalk Jr. , a senior vice-president with BCG, who has studied time-based competition for 25 years. Fast cycle times require taking bets even when huge payoffs arent a certainty. Some organizations are nearly immobilized by the notion that [they] cant do anything unless it moves the needle, says Stalk. In addition, he says, speed requires coordination from the hub: Fast innovators organize the corporate center to drive growth. They do not wait for â€Å"it to come up through the business units (Bloomsberg, 2006). As multicultural businesses gain more buying power and their lifestyles become more affluent, multicultural markets are growing in economic muscle. This in turn attracts more corporations, as they compete for market share in multicultural communities. At the top of the list are the masters of many genres of innovation. Apple Computer Incorporated once again the creative expert. To launch the iPod, says innovation consultant Larry Keeley of Doblin Incorporated, Apple used no fewer than seven types of innovation. They included networking (an agreement among music companies to sell their songs online), business model (songs being sold for a buck each online), and branding. Consumers love the ease and believe of the iPod, but it is the simplicity of the iTunes software platform that turned a great MP3 player into a revenue-gushing phenomenon (Bloomsberg, 2006). Apple Computer Incorporated and Twitter is a unique innovative relationship. At Twitter, software engineers use Mac systems running the most recent version of Mac OS X. Twitter was established using software tools like Ruby on Rails, which is provided as part of Mac OS X. Engineers can tap into other tools such as TextMate, a friendly yet, powerful code editor available only for the Mac (Mac. com). Apple Computer Incorporated has entered new method of According to Bloomsberg Business Week- mobile advertising market. Few speculate that the advertising market will have a new characteristic and appearance. Apple’s iAds will debut at the end of 2010 (Cnet. com) References Wal-Mart Sores. (2001). Wal-Mart Corporation. Retrieved from http://walmartstores. com/AboutUs/297. aspx (2010). Apple. Retrieved from http://www. apple. com/ (2010). Apple Support. Retrieved from http://www. apple. com/support/